Ecological Land Classification

Wisconsin DNR's Division of Forestry uses an ecological land classification system based on the National Hierarchical Framework of Ecological Units (NHFEU). The structure of the NHFEU was developed by staff of the USDA-Forest Service, in cooperation with federal and state partners.

The purpose of the classification is to distinguish land areas that differ from one another in ecological characteristics. A combination of physical and biological factors, such as climate, geology, topography, soils, water, and vegetation, are used to differentiate areas. These factors are known to control or influence biotic composition and ecological processes. Together, they provide a useful approximation of ecosystem potentials.

Land areas identified and mapped in this manner are known as ecological units. Maps of ecological units can be developed at many spatial scales, depending on the needs of the user. The maps, along with information about the ecological units, convey information about land characteristics and capability.

An important application of this information is in planning for future land uses. Understanding an area's ecological characteristics informs resource management decisions about vegetation composition and structure, wildlife species to feature, and desirable recreational uses.